This research aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the adoption of contract tree farming by Thai smallholders. The theoretical frameworks of economic theory, diffusion of innovation theory and livelihood theory provided the basis for the study, and both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed. Contract tree farming is a form of partnership between smallholders and forestry companies in which smallholders are largely responsible for growing trees, with forestry companies providing incentives such as improved planting materials and free technical advice, and guaranteeing purchase of wood at the end of the rotation.

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