Investing in the next generation: Growing tall and smart with toilets

Open defecation within a community harms the physical and cognitive development of children, even children living in households that use toilets themselves. Frequently digesting feces due to poor sanitation can cause diarrhea, malnutrition, and stunted growth-and thus impact negatively on a child’s cognitive development. Experiencing these health hazards at young ages can ultimately limit one’s earning potential later in life.